Donkey Secondary Antibodies
Biotium p21WAF1 (Tumor Suppressor Protein)(AC8), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This MAb recognizes a 21 kDa protein, identified as the p21WAF1 tumor suppressor protein. This MAb is highly specific to p21 and shows no cross-reaction with other closely related mitotic inhibitors. p21WAF1 is a specific inhibitor of cdk's and a tumor suppressor involved in the pathogenesis of a variety of malignancies. The expression of this gene acts as an inhibitor of the cell cycle during G1 phase and is tightly controlled by the tumor suppressor protein p53. Its expression is induced by the wild type, but not mutant, p53 suppressor protein. Normal cells generally display a rather intense nuclear p21 expression. Loss of p21 expression has been reported in many carcinomas (gastric carcinoma, non-small cell lung carcinoma, thyroid carcinoma). Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not
Biotium Helicobacter pylori(HP/1335), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
The spiral shaped bacterium Helicobacter pyloriis strongly associated with inflammation of the stomach and is also implicated in the development of gastric malignancy. H. pyloriis known to cause peptic ulcers and chronic gastritis in human. It is associated with duodenal ulcers and may be involved in development of adenocarcinoma and low-grade lymphoma of mucosa associated lymphoid tissue in the stomach. This antibody stains the individual H. pylori bacterium when it presents on the surface of the epithelium or in the cytoplasm of the epithelial cells in biopsy tissue sections from the antrum and body of the stomach. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific ba
Biotium Desmoglein-2 (DSG2) (6D8), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This antibody recognizes a protein of 165 kDa, identified as Desmoglein-2 (DSG2). This monoclonal antibody This antibody recognizes the extracellular domain of human desmoglein-2. Desmoglein-2 is a member of the desmosomal cadherin family. Desmosomes are intercellular adhering junctions that represent cell surface attachment sites for intermediate filament. Desmocollins and desmogleins are the main desmosomal transmembrane proteins. Desmogleins consist of Dsg1, Dsg2, Dsg3, and Dsg4 isoforms. Within the desmosome, the extracellular domain of desmoglein is essential for calcium dependent heterophilic binding to the desmocollins, whereas the intracellular domain is essential for binding to the desmosomal plaque protein, plakoglobin. Human Desmoglein-2 is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein of 1117 amino acid (aa) residues with a 23 aa signal peptide and a 25 aa propeptide. It differs from other classic cadherins by having four instead of five cadherin repeat domains in its extra
Abcam Donkey Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alkaline Phosphatase).
Donkey Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alkaline Phosphatase).
The product is subject to the following: Abcam Restricted Use Statement
Biotium SMAD4 (Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Marker)(SMAD4/2524), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Signaling from the ligand-activated membrane receptor serine/threonine kinases to nuclear targets is mediated by a set of evolutionarily conserved proteins known as DPC4. Upon ligand binding, the receptors of the TGF- family phosphorylate SMAD proteins (SMAD1 and SMAD2). These proteins then move into the nucleus, where they activate transcription. To carry out this function, the receptor activated SMAD1 and 2 require association with the product of deleted in pancreatic carcinoma, locus 4 (DPC4), also known as SMAD4. SMAD4/DPC4 is also implicated as a tumor suppressor, since it is inactivated in more than half of pancreatic carcinomas and to a lesser extent in a variety of other cancers. SMAD4 is absent in approximately 80% of pancreatic adenocarcinoma, but rarely in endometrial, colorectal, ovarian, lung, breast adenocarcinomas, and malignant melanom. SMAD4 is an important marker for confirming a diagnosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Biotium Cadherin 17 / LI Cadherin (Liver-Intestine Marker)(CDH17/2616), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Cadherin 17, also known as LI cadherin (for liver-intestine cadherin), is a member of the cadherin family of calcium-dependent adhesion molecules. Cadherins mediate cell-cell interactions via hemophilic binding, and are critical to the maintenance of tissue structure and morphogenesis. Cadherins each contain a large extracellular domain at the amino terminus, which is characterized by a series of five homologous repeats, the most distal of which is thought to be responsible for binding specificity. The relatively short carboxy terminal, intracellular domain interacts with a variety of cytoplasmic proteins, including beta-catenin, to regulate cadherin function. Cadherin 17 expression is restricted to liver and intestine tissues and is specifically localized to the basolateral domain of hepatocytes and enterocytes. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. N
Biotium Cytokeratin 1 (Suprabasal Keratinocyte Marker)(LHK1), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Keratins are a family of intermediate filament proteins that assemble into filaments through forming heterodimers of one type I keratin (keratins 9 to 23) and one type II keratin (keratins 1 to 8). Keratins demonstrate tissue and differentiation specific expression profiles. Cytokeratin 1 is a hetero-tetramer of two type I as well as two type II keratins, keratin-10 (KRT10). Keratin 1 is differentiation specific keratin that is one of the predominant keratins in suprabasal keratinocytes in stratified epithelia. Mutations in keratin 1 cause epidermolytic hyperkeratosis. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium S100B (Astrocyte and Melanoma Marker) (S100B/1706R), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
S100A and S100B proteins are two members of the S100 family of calcium binding proteins. S100A is composed of an alpha and a beta chain whereas S100B is composed of two beta chains. This antibody is specific against an epitope located on the beta-chain (i.e. in S-100A and S-100B) but not on the alpha-chain of S-100 (i.e. in S-100A and S100A0). This antibody can be used to localize S-100A and S-100B in various tissue sections. S-100 protein has been found in normal melanocytes, Langerhans cells, histiocytes, chondrocytes, lipocytes, skeletal and cardiac muscle, Schwann cells, epithelial and myoepithelial cells of the breast, salivary and sweat glands, as well as in glial cells. Neoplasms derived from these cells also express S-100 protein, albeit non-uniformly. A large number of well-differentiated tumors of the salivary gland, adipose and cartilaginous tissue, and Schwann cell-derived tumors express S-100 protein. Almost all malignant melanomas and cases of histiocytosis X ar
Biotium S100A (Melanoma Marker) (S1/61), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
S100A and S100B proteins are two members of the S100 family of calcium binding proteins. S100A is composed of an alpha and a beta chain whereas S100B is composed of two beta chains. This antibody is specific against an epitope located on the alpha-chain (i.e. in S-100A and S-100B) but not on the beta-chain of S-100 (i.e. in S-100B). This antibody can be used to localize S-100A in various tissue sections. S-100 protein has been found in normal melanocytes, Langerhans cells, histiocytes, chondrocytes, lipocytes, skeletal and cardiac muscle, epithelial and myoepithelial cells of the breast, salivary and sweat glands. Neoplasms derived from these cells also express S-100 protein. Almost all malignant melanomas and cases of histiocytosis X are positive for S-100 protein.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF
Biotium RCAS1 / Estrogen Receptor Binding Site Associated, Antigen 9(CPTC-EBAG9-1), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
EBAG9, also known as RCAS1, is an estrogen-transcribed protein. Soluble and membranous RCAS1 proteins may play a role in the immune escape of tumor cells by promoting T lymphocyte inhibition of growth and apoptosis. RCAS1 is expressed in a wide variety of cancers, including uterine, ovarian, and lung cancer cells, and acts as a ligand for a putative receptor present on peripheral lymphocytes. RCAS1 is highly expressed not only in cancer cells but also in non-tumor bile duct cells subject to immune attack. RCAS1 inhibits the in vitro growth of receptor-expressing cells and induces apoptosis, contributing to the ability of tumor cells to evade host immune surveillance. High expression of RCAS1 significantly correlates with tumor progression and with poor outcome for many cancer patients. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluoresce
Biotium Involucrin (Squamous Cell Terminal Differentiation Marker)(IVRN/2113R), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Recognizes a protein of 66 kDa-170 kDa, identified as involucrin. In Western blotting of cultured human keratinocytes, this MAb reacts with a 120 kDa protein. It stains the involucrin in a variety of sizes: 170 kDa in MCF-7 cells, a doublet of ~115 kDa and 150 kDa in gorilla and owl monkey, 66 kDa in dog, and a doublet of 105 kDa in pig. Its epitope maps between codon 421-568 of human involucrin. Involucrin is expressed in a range of stratified squamous epithelia, including the cornea, which lacks a distinct cornified layer. In normal epidermis, it is first expressed in the upper spinous layers, and in keratinocyte cultures, all cells that have left the basal layer express it. Involucrin expression is altered in pathological conditions: in psoriasis and other benign epidermal hyperplasias, involucrin expression begins closer to the basal layer than normal; expression is abnormal in squamous cell carcinomas and premalignant lesions, and is reduced in severe dysplasias of the larynx
Biotium Cytokeratin, pan (Epithelial Marker) (KRTH/1576R + KRTL/1577R), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Twenty human keratins are resolved with two-dimensional gel electrophoresis into acidic (pI <5.7) and basic (pI >6.0) subfamilies. This antibody cocktail recognizes acidic (Type I or LMW) and basic (Type II or HMW) cytokeratins, which 67 kDa (CK1); 64 kDa (CK3); 59 kDa (CK4); 58 kDa (CK5); 56 kDa (CK6); 52 kDa (CK8); 56.5 kDa (CK10); 50 kDa (CK14); 50 kDa (CK15); 48 kDa (CK16); 40 kDa (CK19). Many studies have shown the usefulness of keratins as markers in cancer research and tumor diagnosis. It is a broad spectrum anti pan-cytokeratin antibody cocktail, which differentiates epithelial tumors from non-epithelial tumors e.g. squamous vs. adenocarcinoma of the lung, liver carcinoma, breast cancer, and esophageal cancer. It may be useful to characterize the source of various neoplasms and to study the distribution of cytokeratin containing cells in epithelia during normal development and during the development of epithelial neoplasms. This antibody stains cytokeratins pres
Biotium N-Cadherin / Cadherin-2 / CD325 (NCAD) (8C11), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This antibody recognizes a protein of ~140 kDa, identified as N-Cadherin (NCAD), also known as CD325. NCAD is a member of the Cadherin superfamily, and consists of five extracellular repeats, a transmembrane domain and a cytoplasmic domain. CD325 deficient mice die at day 10 of gestation and embryos display major heart defects and malformed neural tubes and somites. Consistent with this, CD325 has been implicated in several aspects of cardiac development including the precardiac mesoderm, establishment of left-right symmetry and cardiac looping morphogenesis. Furthermore, CD325 is normally involved in inducing cell cycle arrest and its expression is frequently deregulated in cancer cells. Studies have linked N-cadherin to cancer metastasis by showing the aggressive tumor cells had preferentially turned on N-cadherin as opposed to E- or P-cadherin.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exception
Biotium von Willebrand Factor / Factor VIII Related-Ag (Endothelial Marker) (rVWF/1465), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
von Willebrand Factor (vWF) is a multimeric glycoprotein that is found in endothelial cells, plasma and platelets. It acts as a carrier protein for Factor VIII and promotes platelet adhesion and aggregation. vWF undergoes a variety of posttranslational modifications that influence the affinity and availability for Factor VIII, including cleavage of the propeptide and formation of N-terminal disulfide bonds. This antibody helps to establish the endothelial nature of some lesions of disputed histogenesis, e.g. Kaposi's sarcoma and cardiac myxoma. It is widely used for differentiating vascular lesions from those of other tissue differentiation within a panel of other vascular markers although not all tumors of endothelial differentiation contain this antigen.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and C
Biotium Cdk2 / p34cdc2 Serine-Threonine Kinase(AN4.3), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
In vertebrates, as in yeast, multiple cyclins have been identified, including a total of eight such regulatory proteins in mammals. In contrast to the situation in yeast, the Cdc2 p34 kinase is not the only catalytic subunit identified in vertebrates that can interact with cyclins. While Cdc2 p34 is essential for the G2 to M transition in vertebrate cells, a second Cdc2-related kinase has also been implicated in cell cycle control. This protein, designated cyclindependent kinase 2 (Cdk2), also binds to cyclins and its kinase activity is temporally regulated during the cell cycle. Several additional Cdc2-related cyclin dependent kinases have been identified. These include Cdk3, Cdk4, Cdk5, PCTAIRE-1, PCTAIRE-2, PCTAIRE-3, Cdk6 Cdk7, Cdk8 and KKIALRE. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are